Educational Technology Short Note

Educational Television

 The word ‘television' comes from the Greek root tele, "far off," and the Latin visio, "sight.

●      Educational Television (ETV) is a system that presents learning content in various subjects produced by an agency.

●      It is a means of providing direct instruction (formal) as well as continuing education (non- formal).

 ETV characteristics

●      Combines both sensory and auditory experiences

●      Differs uniformity in communication

●      It is a versatile educational vehicle

●      Stimulate and reinforces ideas

●      Provide live broadcast on spot events

●      Leisure time activities

 Objectives of ETV

●      Quality education

●      Reduce verbal teaching dependency

●      Mass education opportunities

 Advantages of ETV

●      Immersive Experience

●      Access to Top Talent:

●      Multimedia integration

●      Customization for Local Needs

●      Personal connection

 In the classroom TV can be advantageously used to:

●      Enhance learning by broadening experiences

●      Fostering genuine interest

●      Offering diverse perspectives beyond routine instruction.

●      Evaluating teaching quality and stimulates critical thinking in slow learners. Opportunities for students to create productions

●      Improving their communication skills.

 Limitations of Educational Television

            ●      The absence of individual contact and learner participation

●      Leading to potential daydreaming

●      Group discussions and cautioning students can address these issues. Adapting programs to diverse learner needs

●      Managing interruptions

●      Accommodating variations in attainment pose challenges

●      The inflexible timing

●      Lack of teacher control over pace

●      Potential restrictions on pupil participation

 

Television programmes may be made on:

 (1) Teaching demonstrations

 (2) Recordings of student’s performance

 (3) Recordings of teacher’s performance

 (4) Micro teaching in teacher’s performance

 (5) Image magnification for demonstrations

 (6) Records of field trips

 (7) Career counselling programmes

 (8) Critical community problems

 (9) Technical training taps

 (10) Guest speakers files

  Satellite Instructional Television Experiment (SITE):

           The SITE was first started in the country in August 1975, for a period of one year.Types of programme experimented were;

 a. Educational Programs: Focused on agriculture and related subjects, with additional evening sessions covering community aspects like health, family planning, and social education.

 b. Primary School Initiatives: Targeted rural children aged 5 to 12, delivering programs in various languages (Hindi, Kannada, Oriya, Telugu) on each school day.

 c. Post Site Project: Launched in Jaipur in March 1977, this project centered around earth-related subjects and associated programs, contributing to a multifaceted approach to education and community development.

      The Earth stations in Delhi and Ahmedabad broadcast daily four-hour programs, divided into Educational Television (ETV) and Instructional Television (ITV). ETV focuses on education, airing 1.5-hour programs on school days during school hours, benefiting students. Holidays are utilized for teacher empowerment, offering diverse content to train around 10,000 primary school teachers through the project's facilities.

 CCTV

    CCTV, or closed-circuit television, is a surveillance system using video cameras to transmit signals to specific monitors. Widely employed in areas requiring monitoring, such as classrooms, operas, examination halls, and conferences, CCTV serves various purposes in the educational sector. It enhances security by deterring outsiders and addressing internal threats like abuse, bullying, or theft. Additionally, CCTV has evolved into an educational tool, facilitating distance learning for remote areas and non-traditional learners.

 

 Types of CCTV cameras

1. Dome Camera

2. Bullet Camera

3. C-mount camera

4. Day/Night Camera

 Countrywide Classroom

       The University Grants Commission (UGC) of India has utilized television for higher education through "UGC Countrywide Classroom." This initiative began in 1984, broadcasting educational programs on Doordarshan and later on DD Bharti and VYAS. With Satellite Interactive Terminals (SIT) across the country, a Virtual Classroom Operation was established, facilitating information sharing among students, scholars, and teachers. The UGC also embarked on an ambitious e-Content development project for three-year undergraduate syllabi, accessible online. Despite changing broadcast timings over the years, UGC's educational programs continue on DD1 from 05:30 to 06:00 hours seven days a week as of 2008